CentOS 7 is not detecting internal SSD hard drives

[Iqbal]

Hello,
My system has 9 physical SATA SSD disk installed when I bought the station. Then I installed CentOS,

Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.15.2.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64

But when run df -h command , I don't see those drives

[root@adeq ptnonipm]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 252G 0 252G 0% /dev
tmpfs 252G 80M 252G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 252G 612M 251G 1% /run
tmpfs 252G 0 252G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 44G 41G 3.5G 93% /
/dev/sdc4 994M 315M 680M 32% /boot
/dev/sdc3 20G 12M 20G 1% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/centos-home 75G 47G 29G 62% /home
/dev/mapper/centos-var 20G 12G 7.8G 60% /var
tmpfs 51G 44K 51G 1% /run/user/0


I used ahci during installtion

[root@adeq window]# dmesg | grep -i ahci
[ 5.962438] ahci 0000:00:11.5: version 3.0
[ 5.962674] ahci 0000:00:11.5: irq 131 for MSI/MSI-X
[ 5.962729] ahci 0000:00:11.5: AHCI 0001.0301 32 slots 6 ports 6 Gbps 0x3f impl SATA mode
[ 5.962732] ahci 0000:00:11.5: flags: 64bit ncq sntf pm led clo only pio slum part ems deso sadm sds apst
[ 5.974061] scsi host5: ahci
[ 5.974215] scsi host6: ahci
[ 5.974350] scsi host7: ahci
[ 5.974482] scsi host8: ahci
[ 5.974689] scsi host9: ahci
[ 5.974896] scsi host10: ahci
[ 5.975359] ahci 0000:00:17.0: irq 141 for MSI/MSI-X
[ 5.975423] ahci 0000:00:17.0: AHCI 0001.0301 32 slots 8 ports 6 Gbps 0xff impl SATA mode
[ 5.975427] ahci 0000:00:17.0: flags: 64bit ncq sntf pm led clo only pio slum part ems deso sadm sds apst
[ 5.990042] scsi host11: ahci
[ 5.990198] scsi host12: ahci
[ 5.990352] scsi host13: ahci
[ 5.990537] scsi host14: ahci
[ 5.990805] scsi host15: ahci
[ 5.991044] scsi host16: ahci
[ 5.991270] scsi host17: ahci
[ 5.991598] scsi host18: ahci
[ 5.992346] ahci 0000:89:00.0: controller can do FBS, turning on CAP_FBS
[ 5.992421] ahci 0000:89:00.0: irq 151 for MSI/MSI-X
[ 6.002549] ahci 0000:89:00.0: AHCI 0001.0200 32 slots 3 ports 6 Gbps 0x7 impl SATA mode
[ 6.002558] ahci 0000:89:00.0: flags: 64bit ncq fbs pio
[ 6.003758] scsi host19: ahci
[ 6.004129] scsi host20: ahci
[ 6.004499] scsi host21: ahci

Would you please help me to detect those drives without re-installing CentOS?

[TrevorH]

The df command only shows you the filesystems that are mounted. It doesn't show you disks nor does it show you things that are not part of a filesystem.. Try fdisk -lu /dev/sd[a-z] - that will show you all physical disks that match /dev/sda - /dev/sdz and how they are partitioned.

[Whoever]

Another useful command in this circumstance is "lsblk"

[Iqbal]

Hello @TrevorH
When I used the command you suggested, It is only showing the external hard drive that I mounted, but NOT internal hard drive that I am looking for.

[root@adeq window]# fdisk -lu /dev/sd[a-z]
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.

Disk /dev/sda: 8001.6 GB, 8001563221504 bytes, 15628053167 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 2038CB64-6A5D-4F1A-8A82-0E1687BC700D


# Start End Size Type Name
1 34 262177 128M Microsoft reser Microsoft reserved partition
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
2 264192 15628052479 7.3T Microsoft basic Basic data partition
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.

Disk /dev/sdb: 10000.8 GB, 10000831348224 bytes, 19532873727 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: FB9997DD-DAAE-418D-8344-C56C4CF3551B


# Start End Size Type Name
1 2048 19532871679 9.1T Microsoft basic Basic data partition
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.

Disk /dev/sdc: 240.0 GB, 239990276096 bytes, 468731008 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 0AE9F2E1-DB38-435F-BF0A-D625A6CA59F3


# Start End Size Type Name
1 2048 1333247 650M EFI System EFI system partition
2 1333248 5527551 2G Microsoft basic Basic data partition
3 5527552 46487551 19.5G EFI System EFI System Partition
4 46487552 48535551 1000M Microsoft basic
5 48535552 358037503 147.6G Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdd: 6001.1 GB, 6001143668736 bytes, 1465122966 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 4096 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x79e36824

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 64 1465122943 5860491520 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

Disk /dev/sdf: 6001.1 GB, 6001143668736 bytes, 1465122966 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 4096 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0b1316e2

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdf1 64 1465122943 5860491520 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

[Iqbal]

Hello @Whoever

lsblk command only showing the external hard drives that are mounted. but NOT internal drives

[root@adeq window]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 7.3T 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 128M 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 7.3T 0 part /run/media/root/55A07B0360BDF544
sdb 8:16 0 9.1T 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 9.1T 0 part /run/media/root/ADEQ-Arkansas
sdc 8:32 0 223.5G 0 disk
├─sdc1 8:33 0 650M 0 part
├─sdc2 8:34 0 2G 0 part
├─sdc3 8:35 0 19.5G 0 part /boot/efi
├─sdc4 8:36 0 1000M 0 part /boot
└─sdc5 8:37 0 147.6G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 44G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 5G 0 lvm [SWAP]
├─centos-var 253:2 0 19.1G 0 lvm /var
└─centos-home 253:3 0 75G 0 lvm /home
sdd 8:48 0 5.5T 0 disk
└─sdd1 8:49 0 5.5T 0 part /run/media/root/75C6C2726FCB85A5
sdf 8:80 0 5.5T 0 disk
└─sdf1 8:81 0 5.5T 0 part /run/media/root/1DCDFA764D42A588

[tunk]

What's your system (motherboard, disk controller, etc.), and do they show up in the bios?
You may also want to run yum update.

[TrevorH]

It is only showing the external hard drive that I mounted

So you have
/dev/sda which is an 8TB drive
/dev/sdb which is a 10TB drive
/dev/sdc which is a 240GB drive
/dev/sdd which is a 6TB drive
/dev/sdf which is another 6TB drive

And those are all external drives?

[Iqbal]

Yes, all are external hard drives except /dev/sdc 240GB.
But my system has 9 * 1.9 TB internal SSD installed, which are not showing up.

[Iqbal]

Okay,
I just created virtual RAID 0 disks from the physical disks that were not showing up. I did it via DELL server administration. When I use lsblk command, I can see newly created sde 15.7TB disk

Screenshot from 2021-09-01 13-39-02.png (139.35 KiB) Viewed 9870 times

.

but df -h not showing it. I thought of mounting it.

But to mount, when tried to see if disk is formatted in a filesystem and UUID by using blkid and lsblk -f , it is not showing anything for the sde disk

Screenshot from 2021-09-01 14-37-04.png (171.99 KiB) Viewed 9870 times

.

How Do I mount this disk?

Thanks in advance

[jlehtone]

You have a RAID controller that hides the physical drives that are connected to it. Hardware RAID.
Now you have configured the controller to present something to the OS.


That something is just an empty volume with nothing in it. Empty disk.

All your other disks have GPT partition table in them and at least one partition in the table.
The fdisk does not promise full GPT support. gdisk is made for creating GPT and partitions.

Code: Select all

gdisk /dev/sde

Create new partition and write the table. If kernel does not see the partition immediately, then it is best to reboot.

Then you have partition /dev/sde1. That too is empty.
You need filesystem in the partition. Something like:

Code: Select all

mkfs.xfs /dev/sde1

The command has some options. See man mkfs.xfs
Telling XFS the characteristics of RAID array may make it more optimized.

In case you want to create different type of filesystem than XFS, there are other mkfs.* commands.

Filesystem is what we mount, not disks or partitions.